What are the specific components of machine tool fixture?

Technology trends of China Machine Tool Business Network

1. Function of machine tool fixture

(1) To ensure the machining accuracy, clamp the workpiece with the machine tool fixture, which can accurately determine the relative position relationship between the workpiece and the tool and the machine tool, and ensure the machining accuracy.

(2) Improve the production efficiency, the machine tool fixture can quickly locate and clamp the workpiece, reduce the auxiliary time and improve the production efficiency

Productivity.

(3) To reduce labor intensity, the machine tool fixture adopts mechanical, pneumatic and hydraulic clamping devices, which can reduce the labor intensity of workers.

(4) Expand the process range of the machine tool. Using the machine tool fixture can expand the processing range of the machine tool. For example, using the boring die on the lathe or drilling machine can replace the boring machine to bore holes, so that the lathe and drilling machine have the function of boring machine.

2. Classification of machine tool fixtures

2.1. Classification according to the application scope of fixture

(1) General fixture general fixture refers to the fixture whose structure has been standardized and has a wide range of applications, such as three jaw chuck and four jaw chuck for lathe, flat jaw pliers and indexing head for milling machine, etc.

(2) Special machine tool fixture special machine tool fixture is a fixture specially designed and manufactured for a certain process of a workpiece. Special machine tool fixture is suitable for application in occasions with relatively stable products and large output.

(3) Modular fixture modular fixture is a fixture assembled with a set of pre manufactured standard components and assemblies. The combined fixture has a flexible structure, short design and assembly cycle, and the fixture parts can be reused for a long time. It is suitable for applications such as multi variety single piece small batch production or new product trial production.

(4) Group Fixture group fixture is a fixture designed and manufactured for each part group when using group processing. When changing another part in the same group, it can be processed only by adjusting or replacing individual components on the fixture. The group fixture is suitable for the application in multi variety, medium and small batch production.

(5) Traveling fixture is a mobile fixture used on the automatic line. Before the workpiece enters the automatic line processing, the workpiece is installed in the fixture, and then the fixture and the workpiece to be processed move from one station to the next along the automatic line successively. The workpiece is not removed from the fixture until the workpiece exits the automatic line processing. Traveling fixture is a fixture that always moves along the automatic line with the workpiece.

2.2 classification by machine tool type

Different types of machine tools have different fixture structures. Therefore, fixtures can be divided into lathe fixtures, drilling machine fixtures, milling machine fixtures, boring machine fixtures, grinder fixtures and modular machine tool fixtures.

2.3 classification by fixture power source

According to the clamping power source used in the clamp, the clamp can be divided into manual clamp, pneumatic clamp, hydraulic clamp, pneumatic hydraulic clamp, electromagnetic clamp, vacuum clamp, etc.

3. Composition of special machine tool fixture

The fixture is generally composed of the following elements or devices:

(1) Positioning element positioning element is an element used to determine the correct position of the workpiece. The positioning base surface of the processed workpiece is in direct contact or matched with the positioning element of the fixture.

(2) Clamping device clamping device is a device that enables the workpiece to maintain its correct positioning position under the action of external force.

(3) Tool setting element, guide element, tool setting element and guide element refer to the elements in the fixture used to determine (or guide) that the tool has the correct position relationship with the fixture positioning element, such as drilling sleeve, boring sleeve, tool setting block, etc.

(4) Connecting element fixture connecting element refers to the element used to determine that the fixture has the correct position on the machine tool and is connected with it, such as the positioning key installed on the bottom surface of the fixture of the milling machine.

(5) According to the processing requirements of other components and devices, some fixtures need to be equipped with indexing and indexing device, profiling device, workpiece lifting device, auxiliary support and other devices.

(6) The clamp is a basic part used to connect the fixture elements and related devices to form a whole. The fixture is connected with the machine tool through the clamp.

The positioning element, clamping device and clamp are the basic components of the clamp, and other parts can be set according to needs.